Nihal Sahu

I’m a Research Fellow at Vidhi. Most of the time, I’m working on building the rule of law in India by producing research, advising government departments, and helping draft legislation. I think a lot about legal realism, software, and economics.

I’m most active on Twitter and Bluesky. The best way to reach me is by email at nihal.sahu (at) vidhilegalpolicy (dot) in.

Speaking: Panel on euthanasia (ILFK 2024), DPHICON (TN Public Health Conference 2025).
Powered by Buttondown.

Bookshelf +73 books

Personal favourites

I don't write a ton, but I'm quite proud of some of my writing.

Prose poetry

Nice sentences.

Liberalism is gentleness

short • people have multidimensional preference sets • we love the ability to make choices

Addiction aesthetic

inescapable cultural presence • philosophizing addiction • economic rationalization • withdrawal's grip • aesthetic beauty of smoke • solitary moments made social • borrowed lights and shared silences

The law

There is an idea of India that's incredibly attractive to me, and I try to explain the feeling sometimes.

Notes on the death of Elizabeth II

notes on the death of Elizabeth II • legal realism • rule of law in India • the English roots of constitutional traditions

Authority

the development of modern states • statecraft has a technology tree • parliamentary democracy • separation of powers • rule of law

Microlawsuits

the lower limit on dispute resolution time • ai judges • slowness as legitimacy • dworkin's dream

Advice

Things people have found helpful.

Practice

the core mechanism • you can practice behaviours, not just skills • identity is downstream of practice • what you end up practicing will often depend on your environment

Patience

Don’t do too many things at once. Do a few things, do them well, do them quickly. Finish things, one after the other, and move on.

Law and Public policy

There is an idea of India that's incredibly attractive to me, and I try to explain the feeling sometimes.

Tax cuts as price controls

gain-of-function research on tax cuts

Tipping the odds

economists and lawyers • the limits of interpretation • what is Law™

Religious freedom, reform, and secularism

Article 25 and the reform clause • protecting religious freedom while reforming practices • state control of Hindu temples • cognitive dissonance in Indian secularism • dynamic equilibrium between competing visions

On a personal note

These are personal essays. I also write a periodic letter to my friends on what's going on with my life.

I have a favourite band

literary earworms • finding identity • developing taste • rainbow kitten surprise • self-loathing

On Calicut

notes on my hometown

Against lawyer brain

escaping formalism for substance • why legal training teaches you to avoid the real world • learning to form opinions under uncertainty • choosing outcomes over process • strong beliefs, loosely held

Misc.

The uncategorisable.

Liberalism is gentleness

short • people have multidimensional preference sets • we love the ability to make choices

Addiction aesthetic

inescapable cultural presence • philosophizing addiction • economic rationalization • withdrawal's grip • aesthetic beauty of smoke • solitary moments made social • borrowed lights and shared silences

Against searching for saints

in defense of paying people to do things • incentives solve principal-agent problems • motivated agents exist but are unevenly distributed and hard to identify

Research

I have sometimes produced research (>5k words of LaTeX instead of <5k words of Markdown).

End-of-life care

Medical law is wildly interesting.

Expert FAQs on end-of-life care Taken as a whole, this set of answers to 88 frequently asked questions is the most comprehensive guide for healthcare providers, patients, and caregivers on how to navigate the law on end-of-life care in India.
Healthcare provider accountability

A series of reports coauthored at Vidhi.

Regulating Practitioners Through Medical Councils how state and national medical councils regulate doctors, and where the system falls short
Regulation of Healthcare Facilities the patchwork of laws governing hospitals and clinics across Indian states
Consumer, Civil, and Criminal Mechanisms empirical analysis of how patients use consumer, civil, and criminal courts
Constitutional theory
Inessential practices: charting a non-normative future for Indian religion jurisprudence proposing a new way for courts to adjudicate religious freedom claims

Fields

Areas I'm actively investigating, with collected resources and notes on open questions.

Organ transplantation

India's low organ donation rates contribute to preventable deaths each year. Key information for doctors, patients, and policymakers is scattered across multiple websites or sometimes not published online at all.